Comb dead and any remaining live lice out of the hair using a fine–toothed nit comb. The medicine may take longer to kill all the lice. If a few live lice are still found 8–12 hours after treatment, but are moving more slowly than before, do not retreat.Have the infested person put on clean clothing after treatment.Pay special attention to instructions on the label or in the box regarding how long the medication should be left on the hair and how it should be washed out. If the infested person has very long hair (longer than shoulder length), it may be necessary to use a second bottle. Apply lice medicine, also called pediculicide, according to the instructions contained in the box or printed on the label.Before applying treatment, it may be helpful to remove clothing that can become wet or stained during treatment.
Treat the infested person(s): Requires using an Over-the-counter (OTC) or prescription medication. Vacuuming furniture and floors can remove an infested person’s hairs that might have viable nits attached. Items such as hats, grooming aids, and towels that come in contact with the hair of an infested person should not be shared. Items that cannot be laundered may be dry-cleaned or sealed in a plastic bag for two weeks. For example, hats, scarves, pillow cases, bedding, clothing, and towels worn or used by the infested person in the 2-day period just before treatment is started can be machine washed and dried using the hot water and hot air cycles because lice and eggs are killed by exposure for 5 minutes to temperatures greater than 53.5☌ (128.3☏). When treating head lice, supplemental measures can be combined with recommended medicine (pharmacologic treatment) however, such additional (non-pharmacologic) measures generally are not required to eliminate a head lice infestation. To be most effective, retreatment should occur after all eggs have hatched but before new eggs are produced. For those that are more strongly ovicidal, retreatment is recommended only if live (crawling) lice are still present several days after treatment (see recommendation for each medication).
For pediculicides that are only weakly ovicidal or not ovicidal, routine retreatment is recommended. Some pediculicides (medicines that kill lice) have an ovicidal effect (kill eggs).
All infested persons (household members and close contacts) and their bedmates should be treated at the same time. Some experts believe prophylactic treatment is prudent for persons who share the same bed with actively-infested individuals. All household members and other close contacts should be checked those persons with evidence of an active infestation should be treated. Treatment for head lice is recommended for persons diagnosed with an active infestation.
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